Viola Desmond first Canadian woman on banknote 加拿大首位印在紙鈔上的女性：薇奧拉．戴斯蒙 ◎魏國金
A black civil rights leader who led a struggle against anti-black segregation and racism in Canada in the 1940s will be the first Canadian woman to figure on a banknote.
一名在1940年代領導加拿大反黑人種族隔離與種族主義的黑人民權領袖，將成為加國首位印在紙鈔上的女性人物。
Viola Desmond will appear on the Canadian $10 bill -replacing the nation’s first prime minister John A Macdonald who will be moved to a higher bill - when new banknotes go into circulation in 2018.
薇奧拉．戴斯蒙將出現在10元紙鈔上，取代加國首位總理麥唐納，他將被移印至較高面額的紙鈔上。新紙鈔將於2018年發行。
A successful businesswoman from a middle-class family, Desmond is best known for refusing to give up her seat in the "whites only" section of a cinema in Canada’s eastern province of Nova Scotia in 1946.
戴斯蒙是中產階級家庭出身的成功女企業家，她最為人所知的事跡，是1946年在加國東部新斯科舍省一家電影院裡，拒絕讓出她在「白人專區」的座位。
She was eventually dragged out of the segregated cinema by police, arrested, held in prison overnight, and forced to pay a fine, all for refusing to move to the upstairs balcony reserved for black people.
她最後被警察拖出這家實施種族隔離的戲院，被逮捕並在監獄過了一夜，還被迫繳納罰款，一切都是因為拒絕移駕至保留給黑人的樓上座區。
She was criminally charged with not paying a small tax that would apply on a downstairs ticket. But instead of letting the matter rest, Desmond decided to fight her conviction in court.
她因為沒有支付對樓下票徵收的微稅而遭刑事起訴。但戴斯蒙不願息事寧人，決定在法院裡爭取平反。
Her case was the first legal challenge by a black woman against segregation laws in Canada.
她的訴訟是加拿大第一起由黑人女性對種族隔離法提出的法律挑戰。
Desmond, who died in 1965, is often compared to Rosa Parks - the civil rights leader who refused to give up her seat at the front of the bus in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1955.
1965年辭世的戴斯蒙常被拿來與蘿莎．帕克斯相提並論，這位民權領袖1955年在美國阿拉巴馬州蒙哥馬利市的一輛巴士內，拒絕讓出她的前排座位而知名。
新聞辭典
segregation：隔離、種族隔離。例句：Segregation are fuelling inequality in some areas of Britain.（族群隔離助長了英國部分地區的不平等。）
go into circulation：發行、流通。例句：Venezuela’s new currency will go into circulation on Dec. 15.（委內瑞拉將於12月15日發行新貨幣。）
conviction：定罪、說服、確信。例句：The story of her sufferings would carry conviction to anyone who heard it.（任何聽聞她苦難的人都會相信。）
Dog slaughter banned in South Korean market 狗隻屠殺在南韓市場遭到禁止 ◎陳正健
Officials in South Korea have banned the slaughter of dogs in the country’s largest dog meat market. An agreement between the city of Seongnam and the vendors’ association at Moran market means that slaughter facilities will be removed as early as next week, the Korea Herald newspaper reports.
南韓官員已在該國最大的狗肉市場禁止屠殺。據《韓國先鋒報》報導，城南市與牡丹市場攤商協會達成一項協議，意味屠宰設備最快下週即將移除。
The 22 dog meat vendors at the market are to receive financial support to enable them to convert to different lines of business. "Seongnam City will take the initiative to transform South Korea’s image since ’the greatness of a nation can be judged by the way its animals are treated’," Seongnam Mayor Lee Jae-myung said.
該市場的22個狗肉商販將接受財務支援，使其得以轉換到不同的生意路線。城南市市長李在明表示：「城南市將帶頭改變南韓的形象，因為『一個國家是否偉大，取決於其對待動物的方式』。」
While welcoming the change, the Korean Animal Welfare Association is concerned that it might not be fully implemented. "We will have to constantly monitor dog meat shops in the market to see if they really stop slaughtering dogs," association official Jang In-young said.
「韓國動物福利協會」歡迎這項變革的同時，也擔心這項協議可能不會徹底落實。該協會人員張英勇指出，「我們必須持續監控市場裡的狗肉商販，了解他們是否真的停止屠殺狗隻。」
Moran Market supplies one-third of the dog meat consumed in South Korea. While some see dog meat as part of Korean culinary tradition, consumption has declined sharply in recent years, with the same period seeing a large rise in pet ownership.
牡丹市場供應南韓3分之1的狗肉消費。儘管部分民眾視狗肉為韓國烹飪傳統的一部分，但近年來狗肉消費已大幅減少，同一期間的寵物飼主也大量增加。
新聞辭典
vendor：名詞，攤販，小販。例句：Vendors are busy attracting the attention of children.（攤販忙著吸引小孩注意。）
take the initiative：動詞片語，採取主動。例句：Most women like men to take the initiative. （多數女人喜歡男人採取主動。）
culinary：形容詞，廚房的，烹飪的。例句：The chef wants to improve his culinary skills. （這名廚師想要改善他的廚藝。）
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